What’s New in U.S. eBike Laws for 2025?

E-bikes are booming—and so are the laws that govern them. As more Americans turn to electric bikes for commuting and recreation, 2025 brings a wave of new regulations aimed at improving safety, clarifying classifications, and managing access.

Here’s a quick look at the most important updates e-bike riders should know.

Class System Still Reigns—But with More Rules

The U.S. still relies on the familiar three-class system:

• Class 1: Pedal-assist, up to 20 mph

• Class 2: Throttle only + pedal-assist, up to 20 mph

• Class 3: Throttle + Pedal-assist, up to 28 mph

Most states follow this three-class system. Others, like California, measure peak and sustained motor output, closing a loophole that allowed power “surges” to bypass the 750W limit.

Throttle Restrictions Are Expanding

More states are cracking down on throttle use:

• California, Oregon, and Washington now ban throttles on Class 3 e-bikes

• Cities like NYC are debating speed caps and registration for all e-bikes

If you have a throttle and ride over 20 mph, you might be subject to new restrictions depending on where you live.

Power Limits Vary Widely

While the federal cap is 750W, states are diverging:

• Some, like Oregon and Georgia, now allow up to 1,000W

• Others, like Maryland, cap it at 500W

• A few states have no limit at all

Bottom line: check your state’s specific rules! Your bike might be legal in one state, but not others!

Safety Requirements Tighten

• Helmets are now required for all Class 3 riders and minors in most states

• California and Illinois are enforcing battery safety and disposal laws

• Some areas require reflective gear, lights, or warning labels

Riders should stay on top of local gear and equipment requirements to avoid fines—or worse, accidents.

Access Rules Are Stricter for Class 3

• Class 1 & 2 are generally allowed on bike paths and trails

• Class 3 bikes face increasing restrictions in parks and shared-use paths

• National parks treat e-bikes as motor vehicles—often requiring special access

Expect more signs, speed limits, and enforcement—especially in high-traffic areas.

Final Takeaway: Ride Smart, Stay Legal

2025’s e-bike laws are all about safety and clarity. If you ride, know your bike’s class, power level, and local regulations. The rules may feel tighter, but they’re designed to keep e-bikes safe, accessible, and welcome on roads and trails for years to come.